Dampak Negatif Penggunaan Antibiotik Pascaoperasi yang Berkepanjangan

Oleh :

dr. Audiza Luthffia

Antibiotik pascaoperasi biasanya diresepkan karena diyakini dapat mengurangi infeksi luka pascaoperasi atau surgical site infection. Padahal, penggunaan antibiotik pascaoperasi yang berkepanjangan telah dikaitkan dengan berbagai efek buruk, termasuk infeksi Clostridium difficile. Profilaksis untuk tindakan bedah merupakan salah satu indikasi pemberian antibiotik yang paling sering. Satu dari enam peresepan antibiotik di rumah sakit seluruh dunia adalah untuk profilaksis tindakan bedah.[1]

Praktik Pemberian Antibiotik Pascaoperasi

Pada kebanyakan kasus, administrasi antibiotik profilaksis dimulai dari periode preoperatif hingga pascaoperasi. WHO merekomendasikan pemberian antibiotik profilaksis dengan durasi maksimal 24 jam pascaoperasi.[2,3]

(Konten ini khusus untuk dokter. Registrasi untuk baca selengkapnya)

Referensi

1. de Jonge SW, Boldingh QJJ, Solomkin JS, et al. Effect of postoperative continuation of antibiotic prophylaxis on the incidence of surgical site infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020;20(10):1182-1192. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30084-0
2. Bratzler DW, Dellinger EP, Olsen KM, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for antimicrobial prophylaxis in surgery. Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2013;14(1):73-156. doi:10.1089/sur.2013.9999
3. World Health Organization. Global guidelines for the prevention of surgical site infection, second edition. 2018.
4. Branch-Elliman W, O'Brien W, Strymish J, Itani K, Wyatt C, Gupta K. Association of Duration and Type of Surgical Prophylaxis With Antimicrobial-Associated Adverse Events. JAMA Surg. 2019;154(7):590-598. doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2019.0569
5. Anderson DJ. Antimicrobial prophylaxis for prevention of surgical site infection in adults. Uptodate, 2022. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/antimicrobial-prophylaxis-for-prevention-of-surgical-site-infection-in-adults
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8. Moges G, Belete L, Mengesha Y, Ahmed S. Evaluation of Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis and Incidence of Surgical Site Infection at Borumeda Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia: Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. Drug Healthc Patient Saf. 2020;12:257-268. doi: 10.2147/DHPS.S280442.
9. Prophylactic Antibiotic Regimens in Tumor Surgery (PARITY) Investigators, Ghert M, Schneider P, Guyatt G, Thabane L, Vélez R, O'Shea T, Randall RL, Turcotte R, Wilson D, Wunder JS, Baptista AM, Cheng EY, Doung YC, Ferguson PC, Giglio V, Hayden J, Heels-Ansdell D, Khan SA, Sampath Kumar V, McKay P, Miller B, van de Sande M, Zumárraga JP, Bhandari M. Comparison of Prophylactic Intravenous Antibiotic Regimens After Endoprosthetic Reconstruction for Lower Extremity Bone Tumors: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Oncol. 2022; 8(3):345-353. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.6628.
10. Poeran J, Mazumdar M, Rasul R, et al. Antibiotic prophylaxis and risk of Clostridium difficile infection after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2016;151(2):589-97.e2. doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2015.09.090