Dampak Skoliosis pada Fungsi Respirasi

Oleh :

dr. Elisabet Augustina Sp.KFR

Dampak skoliosis pada fungsi respirasi salah satunya adalah penyakit paru restriktif karena perubahan alignment vertebra yang menyebabkan perubahan konfigurasi dinding dada. Hal ini kemudian berdampak pada struktur dalam rongga dada, yaitu saluran napas, paru–paru, sampai dengan jantung dan pembuluh darah besar.[1–3]

Skoliosis merupakan deformitas torsional vertebra secara tiga dimensi, yaitu kelengkungan ke lateral pada bidang frontal, rotasi aksial pada bidang horizontal, serta perubahan kurvatur di bidang sagital.

Abnormalitas vertebra pada skoliosis menyebabkan kelainan secara langsung pada rongga dada akibat adanya hubungan yang kompleks antara vertebra, sternum dan costae. Hal ini akan mempengaruhi mekanisme fisiologis pernapasan. Bahkan pada skoliosis derajat ringan tanpa gejala, sudah terjadi disfungsi respirasi.[1–3]

(Konten ini khusus untuk dokter. Registrasi untuk baca selengkapnya)

Referensi

1. Negrini S, Donzelli S, Aulisa AG, Czaprowski D, Schreiber S, de Mauroy JC, et al. 2016 SOSORT guidelines: Orthopedic and rehabilitation treatment of idiopathic scoliosis during growth. Scoliosis and Spinal Disorders. 2018;13:1–48.
2. Koumbourlis AC. Scoliosis and the respiratory system. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2006;7(2):152–160.
3. Mohammadi P, Akbari M, Sarafzadeh J. Comparison of Respiratory Muscle Electromyography between Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis and Healthy Subjects. 2014;4(1):33–38.
4. Tsiligiannis T, Grivas T. Pulmonary function in children with idiopathic scoliosis. Scoliosis (17487161). 2012;7(1):7–12.
5. Saul P, Delisa J. Scoliosis and Other Spinal Deformities. In: DeLisa´s Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 2010. p. 2017–2049.
6. Koumbourlis AC. Scoliosis and the respiratory system. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2006;7(2):152–160.
7. Qiabi M, Chagnon K, Beaupré A, Hercun J, Rakovich G. Scoliosis and bronchial obstruction. Can Respir J. 2015 Jul-Aug;22(4):206-8. doi: 10.1155/2015/640573. Epub 2015 Jun 17. PMID: 26083538; PMCID: PMC4530852.
8. Mohammadi P, Akbari M, Sarafzadeh J. Comparison of Respiratory Muscle Electromyography between Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis and Healthy Subjects. 2014;4(1):33–38.
9. Martínez-Llorens J, Ramírez M, Colomina MJ, Bagó J, Molina A, Cáceres E, et al. Muscle dysfunction and exercise limitation in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Eur Respir J. 2010;36(2):393–400.
10. Durmala J, Tomalak W, Kotwicki T. Function of the respiratory system in patients with idiopathic scoliosis: reasons for impairment and methods of evaluation. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2008;135:237-45.
11. Saraiva, Bruna Marques, et al. “Thoracic Changes and Exercise Capacity in Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.” Fisioterapia Em Movimento, vol. 30, no. suppl 1, 2017, pp. 209–217., https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5918.030.S01.AO20
12. Shen J, Lin Y, Luo J, Xiao Y. Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Patients with Idiopathic Scoliosis. J Bone Jt Surg. 2016;98(19):1614–1622.
13. Barrios C , Perez-Encincas MJ. Significant ventilatory function restriction in adolescent with mild or moderate scoliosis during maximal exercise tolerance test. Spine. 2005;30(14):1610–1614.
14. Farrell J, Garrido E. Effect of idiopathic thoracic scoliosis on the tracheobronchial tree. BMJ Open Respir Res. 2018 Mar 25;5(1):e000264. doi: 10.1136/bmjresp-2017-000264. PMID: 29616140; PMCID: PMC5878681.