Hiperurisemia asimptomatik adalah peningkatan kadar asam urat yang tidak disertai gejala atau tanda penyakit akibat deposisi kristal monosodium urat, seperti gout. [1] Secara fisiokimia, hiperurisemia didefinisikan sebagai konsentrasi asam urat yang melampaui solubilitasnya dalam darah (di atas 6,8 mg/dL). [2] Hiperurisemia dapat diakibatkan oleh peningkatan produksi, menurunnya ekskresi asam urat, atau kombinasi dari keduanya. Hiperurisemia dapat bermanifestasi sebagai gout, batu ginjal, dan nefropati asam urat. [1-3]
Hubungan Hiperurisemia Asimptomatik dengan Penyakit Selain Deposisi Kristal Asam Urat
Menurut data ilmiah, asam urat mampu meningkatkan produksi reactive oxygen species (ROS) dan angiotensin II yang menimbulkan disfungsi endotel. Peningkatan ROS dan angiotensi II diduga berperan dalam patofisiologi hipertensi, penyakit kardiovaskular, dan penyakit ginjal. Beberapa studi menunjukan adanya asosiasi antara hiperurisemia dengan hipertensi resisten, insufisiensi ginjal, dan penyakit kardiovaskular. [1,2-7] Akan tetapi, belum ditemukan bukti bahwa terapi hiperurisemia asimptomatik dapat mempengaruhi progresi penyakit. [2,8,9]
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Referensi
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