Aktivitas fisik diperkirakan dapat memengaruhi proses fisiologis di otak dan mencegah atrofi otak. Studi menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas fisik dapat mempertahankan fungsi otak. Gaya hidup yang sedentari berisiko menyebabkan atrofi otak. Atrofi otak ini dapat menurunkan fungsi otak dan kualitas hidup, serta meningkatkan mortalitas.
Seiring bertambahnya usia, otak akan mengalami atrofi, terutama pada lobus prefrontal, temporal, dan parietal. Pada usia >35 tahun, terjadi penurunan volume otak sekitar 0,2% tiap tahun. Angka ini akan terus meningkat hingga mencapai 0,5% per tahun pada usia 60 tahun. Di atas usia 60 tahun, terjadi penurunan volume otak >0,5% per tahun yang stabil (akselerasi minimal).[1,2]
Sekilas tentang Atrofi Otak
(Konten ini khusus untuk dokter. Registrasi untuk baca selengkapnya)
Referensi
1. Erickson KI, Leckie RL, Weinstein AM. Physical activity, fitness, and gray matter volume. Neurobiol Aging. 2014;35(2):20-28. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4094356/
2. Hedman AM, van Haren NEM, Kahn HGSRS, et al. Human brain changes across the lifespan: a review of 56 longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging studies, Human Brain Mapping. 2012;33(58):1987-2002. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21915942
3. Lyons DE, Dodge HH, Woltjer R, et al. Neuropathological basis of age-associated brain atrophy. JAMA Neurol. 2013;70(5):616-622. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3898525/
4. Van Elderen SSGC, Zhang Q, Sigurdsson S, et al. Brain volume as an integrated marker for the risk of death in a community-based sample: age gene/environment susceptibility—reykjavik study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci MEd Sci. 2016;7(1):131-137. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4706101/
5. Olesen PJ, Guo X, Gustafson A, et al. A population-based study on the influence of brain atrophy on 20-year survival after age 85. Neurology. 2011;76(10):879-886. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3059146/
6. Stephen R, Hongisto K, Solomon A, et al. Physical activity and Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review. Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2017;72(6):733-739. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28049634
7. Xu Q, et al. Physical activities and future risk of Parkinson disease. Neurology. 2010;75(4):341-348. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20660864/
8. Arnardottir NY, et al. Association of change in brain structure to objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behavior in older adults: age, gene/environment susceptibility-reykjavik study. Behav Brain Res. 2016;296:118-124. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5111543/
9. Shen Y, Li R. What do we know from clinical trials on exercise and Alzheimer's disease?. J Sport Health Sci. 2016;5(4):379-299. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095254616300874
10. Chen WW, et al. Role of physical exercise in Alzheimer's disease. Biomed Rep. 2016;4(4):403-407. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4812200/
11. Barnes DE, et al. The projected impact of risk factor reduction on Alzheimer's disease prevalence. Lancet Neurol. 2011;10(9):819-828. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3647614/
12. Siddarth P, et al. Sedentary behavior associated with reduced medial temporal lobe thickness in middle-aged and older adults. Plos One. 2018;13(4)e01955549. http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0195549#sec011
13. Mattson MP. Lifelong brain health is a lifelong challenge: from evolutionary principles to empirical evidence. Ageing Res Rev. 2015;37-45. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4346441/
Facebook 
Masuk dengan Email
