Penyebab pasti sindrom DRESS atau Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms masih belum jelas, tetapi beberapa obat telah dikaitkan dengan risiko lebih tinggi, termasuk antikonvulsan seperti phenytoin, carbamazepine, dan phenobarbital, serta antibiotik seperti sulfonamida, dan allopurinol. Di antara obat tersebut, antikonvulsan merupakan penyebab yang paling umum.
Sindrom DRESS adalah reaksi obat yang jarang namun serius, ditandai oleh peradangan kulit yang luas, eosinofilia, serta keterlibatan organ internal seperti hati, ginjal, paru, dan jantung. Meskipun patogenesisnya belum sepenuhnya dipahami, sindrom DRESS diyakini merupakan respons imun kompleks terhadap obat-obatan tertentu.[1-3]
Cara Mengenali Sindrom DRESS
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Referensi
1. De A, Rajagopalan M, Sarda A, Das S, Biswas P. Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms: An Update and Review of Recent Literature. Indian J Dermatol. 2018;63(1):30–40.
2. Calle AM, Aguirre N, Ardila JC, Villa RC. DRESS syndrome: A literature review and treatment algorithm. World Allergy Organ J. 2023. 16(3).
3. Krantz MS, Phillips EJ. Drug Reaction With Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms. JAMA Dermatol. 2023 Mar 1;159(3):348.
4. Hama N, Abe R, Gibson A, Phillips EJ. Drug-Induced Hypersensitivity Syndrome (DIHS)/Drug Reaction With Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS): Clinical Features and Pathogenesis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2022 May;10(5):1155-1167.e5.
5. Shiohara T, Mizukawa Y. Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DiHS)/drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS): An update in 2019. Allergol Int. 2019 Jul 1;68(3):301–8.
6. Miyagawa F, Asada H. Current Perspective Regarding the Immunopathogenesis of Drug-Induced Hypersensitivity Syndrome/Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DIHS/DRESS). Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Feb 21;22(4):2147.
7. Schunkert EM, Divito SJ. Updates and Insights in the Diagnosis and Management of DRESS Syndrome. Curr Dermatol Rep. 2021;10(4):192-204. doi: 10.1007/s13671-021-00348-z.
8. Chaabane A, Romdhane HB, Fadhel NB, Fredj NB, Ammar H, Boughattas N, et al. DRESS characteristics according to the causative medication. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2022;78(9):1503–10.
9. Manieri E, Dondi A, Neri I, Lanari M. Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome in childhood: a narrative review. Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 Jul 28;10:1108345. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1108345.
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