1. Krasowski MD, Wier D, Smith S, Riedel A, Lauseker-Hao Y, Kelner M, et al. Real-World Clinical Performance Evaluation of a Fourth-Generation HIV Antigen/Antibody Differentiation Test. J Appl Lab Med. 2021;6(6):1417–32.
2. Kemenkes RI. Pedoman Nasional Pelayanan Kedokteran Tata Laksana HIV. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2019;(Nomor HK.01.07/MENKES/90/2019):220.
3. Liu P, Jackson P, Shaw N, Heysell S. Spectrum of false positivity for the fourth generation human immunodeficiency virus diagnostic tests. AIDS Res Ther. 2016;13(1):1–5.
4. Wormser GP, Schneider LM. False-Positivity of an HIV Antigen/Antibody Assay for HIV p24 Antigen in Active SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Am J Med. 2024;137(1):8–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2023.09.022
5. Guiraud V, Naizet A, Khan H, Benhafoun G, Hernandez P, Piccin L, et al. Fourth-Generation HIV Rapid Tests: Enhanced Sensitivity and Reduced Diagnostic Window for HIV-1 Primary Infection Screening. J Med Virol. 2024;96(11):1–6.
6. Kaewpoowat Q, Stulken L, Krasowski MD, Ford B, Stapleton JT. Navigating false positive HIV test results: a case report. ASM Case Reports. 2025;1(3):1–6.
7. Ramadan HKA, Salah AE, Mohamed ZR, Ayoub A, AboDief AR, Badry SH. False-positive reactivity of fourth-generation HIV enzyme immunoassay caused by SARS-COV-2 and other infections. HIV Med. 2025;26(10):1485–92.
8. Chiu CY, Mustafayev K, Bhatti MM, Jiang Y, Granwehr BP, Torres HA. False-Reactive Fourth-Generation Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing in Cancer Patients. Clin Infect Dis. 2024;78(3):674–80. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciad608
9. Gou Y, Gao Z, Duan Y, Wu Y, Peng L. HIV testing algorithm using fourth generation reagents reduces the false positive rate of screening tests. Sci Rep. 2025;15(1):1–6.
10. Gudipati S, Shallal A, Peterson E, Cook B, Markowitz N. Increase in False-Positive Fourth-Generation Human Immunodeficiency Virus Tests in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019. Clin Infect Dis. 2023;77(4):615–9. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciad264