Pemberian Probiotik pada Bacterial Vaginosis

Oleh :

dr. Gisheila Ruth Anggitha

Saat ini pemberian probiotik mulai dipertimbangkan untuk terapi bacterial vaginosis atau BV. Probiotik juga diperkirakan dapat mengurangi risiko rekurensi bacterial vaginosis bila dipadukan dengan terapi antibiotik, yang selama ini masih menunjukkan angka rekurensi bacterial vaginosis yang cukup tinggi.

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) merupakan penyakit infeksi vagina yang menyerang wanita usia reproduktif (termasuk ibu hamil). BV terjadi akibat ketidakseimbangan mikroba dalam vagina, yaitu ketika flora normal Lactobacillus digantikan oleh bakteri anaerobik seperti Gardnerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis, Prevotella, dan Streptococcus.[1-3]

Pasien dikatakan mengalami bacterial vaginosis jika memenuhi kriteria Amsel, yaitu pH vagina >4,5, mengalami keputihan berwarna putih-keabuan, keputihan berbau amis (fishy odor) jika ditambahkan larutan KOH 10%, dan adanya clue cells pada sediaan NaCl 0,9%.[4]

(Konten ini khusus untuk dokter. Registrasi untuk baca selengkapnya)

Referensi

1. Arias Valverde J, Alvarado Fernández ML, Alvarado Mora ML, Arias Alvarado MJ, Vanegas Navarro P. Probiotics as a Preventive Strategy for Recurrent Bacterial Vaginosis: A Narrative Review. Cureus. 2025 Aug 10;17(8):e89764. doi: 10.7759/cureus.89764.
2. Chen R, Li R, Qing W, Zhang Y, Zhou Z, Hou Y, Shi Y, Zhou H, Chen M. Probiotics are a good choice for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial. Reprod Health. 2022 Jun 13;19(1):137. doi: 10.1186/s12978-022-01449-z.
3. Chen X, Lu Y, Chen T, Li R. The Female Vaginal Microbiome in Health and Bacterial Vaginosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021 Apr 7;11:631972. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.631972.
4. Farr A, Swidsinski S, Surbek D, et al. Bacterial Vaginosis: Guideline of the DGGG, OEGGG and SGGG (S2k-Level, AWMF Registry No. 015/028, June 2023). Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 2023 Nov 3;83(11):1331-1349. doi: 10.1055/a-2169-8539.
5. WHO. Recommendations for the treatment of Trichomonas vaginalis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Candida albicans, bacterial vaginosis and human papillomavirus (‎anogenital warts)‎. 2024. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240096370
6. Bastani P, Homayouni A. Dairy probiotics foods and bacterial vaginosis: a review on mechanism of action. INTECH. 2012;20:445-457
7. Alvares-Olmos MI, Barousse MM, Rajan L. Vaginal lactobacilli in adolescents: presence and relationship to local and systemic immunity and to bacterial vaginosis. Am Sex Trans Dis Assoc. 2004;31:393-400.
8. Bertuccini L, Russo R, Losi F, Superti F. Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus acidophilus on bacterial vaginal pathogens. International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology. 2017;30(2):163-167.
9. Mastromarino, P. Vitali B, Mosca L. Bacterial vaginosis: a review on clinical trials with probiotics. New Microbiologica. 2013;36:229-238
10. Huang H, Song L, Zhao W. Effects of probiotics for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis in adult women: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2014;289:1225-1234
11. Rezazadeh MB, Zanganeh M, Jarahi L, Fatehi Z. Comparative efficacy of oral and vaginal probiotics in reducing the recurrence of bacterial vaginosis: a double-blind clinical trial. BMC Womens Health. 2024 Oct 26;24(1):575. doi: 10.1186/s12905-024-03418-z.
12. Mändar R, Sõerunurk G, Štšepetova J, et al. Impact of Lactobacillus crispatus-containing oral and vaginal probiotics on vaginal health: a randomised double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial. Benef Microbes. 2023 Apr 18;14(2):143-152. doi: 10.3920/BM2022.0091.