1. Hisyam B, Budiono E. Pneumothorax Spontan. Dalam: Sudoyo AW, Setiyohadi B, Alwi I, Simadibrata K M, Setiati S, editors. Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Jilid II. Ed 4. Jakarta: Pusat Penerbitan Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia; 2009. h.1073-8.
2. Daley BJ. Pneumothorax. Medscape Reference. April 28, 2014; http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/424547-overview.
3. Chan SS. The role of simple aspiration in the management of primary spontaneous pneumothorax. J Emerg Med 2008; 34(2):131-8.
4. Chan JW, Ko FW, Ng CK, Yeung AW, Yee WK, So LK, et al. Management of patients admitted with pneumothorax: a multicentre study of the practice and outcomes in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2009; 15(6):427-33.
5. Shen KR, Cerfolio RJ. Decision making in the management of secondary pneumothorax in patients with severe emphysema. Thorac Surg Clin 2009; 19(2):233-8.
6. Chambers A, Scarci M. In patients with first-episode primary spontaneous pneumothorax is video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery superior to tube thoracostomy alone in terms of time to resolution of pneumothorax and incidence of recurrence? Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2009;9(6):1003–1008. doi: 10.1510/icvts.2009.216473.
7. Chen JS, Hsu HH, Tsai KT, Yuan A, Chen WJ, Lee YC. Salvage for unsuccessful aspiration of primary pneumothorax: thoracoscopic surgery or chest tube drainage? Ann Thorac Surg. 2008;85(6):1908–1913.
8. Jong BK, Si YC: Reexpansion pulmonary edema after treatment of simultaneous bilateral spontaneous tension pneumothorax. Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery 8, article number :62 (2013).
9. Hu X, Cowl CT, Baqir M, Ryu JH, Air Travel and Pneumothorax. Int J Circumpolar.2014: 73:10.3402
10. Wang C, Lyu M, Zhou J, Liu Y, Ji Y. Chest tube drainage versus needle aspiration for primary spontaneous Pneumothorax : which is better?. J Thorac Dis. 2017.10 :4027-4038.
11. Luh SP. Diagnosis and treatment of primary spontaneous Pneumothorax. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2010 Oct; 11(10):735-744
12. MacDuff A, Arnold A, Harvey J. Management of spontaneous pneumothorax: British Thoracic Society pleural disease guideline. 2010.
13. Zarogoulidis P, Kioumis I, Pitsiou G, et al. Pneumothorax: from definition to diagnosis and treatment. J Thorac Dis. 2014 Oct; 6(Suppl 4): S372–S376. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.09.24