Pemeriksaan NS1 vs IgM-IgG untuk Diagnosis Dengue

Oleh :

dr.Saphira Evani

Pemeriksaan non-structural protein 1 (NS1) dan pemeriksaan imunoglobulin M atau G (IgM-IgG) dengue sering digunakan untuk diagnosis demam dengue. Infeksi dengue memberikan gejala klinis yang bervariasi dan dapat menyerupai penyakit infeksi lain, sehingga pemeriksaan penunjang yang cepat dan akurat seperti NS1 dan IgM-IgG berperan penting dalam diagnosis.[1-4]

Berdasarkan pedoman dari WHO, diagnosis infeksi dengue dapat ditegakkan melalui pemeriksaan definitif berupa isolasi virus, deteksi asam nukleat virus, deteksi antigen, atau uji serologi. Namun, isolasi virus dan deteksi asam nukleat virus tentu lebih sulit dilakukan, terutama di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, tes NS1 dan antibodi IgM-IgG dengue lebih umum dilakukan dalam praktik sehari-hari.[3,5]

Sekilas tentang Pemeriksaan Antigen NS1

(Konten ini khusus untuk dokter. Registrasi untuk baca selengkapnya)

Referensi

1. Muller DA, Depelsenaire ACI, Young PR. Clinical and laboratory diagnosis of dengue virus infection. The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2017;215(2):S89-95.
2. World Health Organization. Dengue: guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control. New edition. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO; 2019. https://www.who.int/tdr/publications/documents/dengue-diagnosis.pdf
3. Rini DP, Aryati. SD Dengue Duo® (NS1,IgG, IgM) rapid test dalam menunjang diagnosis infeksi virus dengue. IJCP & ML. 2010;16(2):97-101.
4. Suzuki K, Nakayama EE, Saito A, et al. Evaluation of novel rapid detection kits for dengue virus NS1 antigen in Dhaka, Bangladesh, in 2017. Virology Journal. 2019;16:102.
5. World Health Organization. Comprehensive guidelines for prevention and control of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever. Revised and expanded edition. 2011. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/204894
6. Mayo Clinic Laboratories. Dengue virus: A diagnostic testing update. 2020. https://news.mayocliniclabs.com/2020/01/06/dengue-virus-a-diagnostic-testing-update/
7. Peeling RW, Artsob H, Pelegrino JL, et al. Evaluation of diagnostic tests: dengue. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2010;8(12):S30.
8. Simmons CP, Farrar JJ, Nguyen VV, Wills B. Dengue. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(15):1423-32.
9. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Serologic tests for dengue virus. 2019. https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/healthcare-providers/testing/serologic-tests.html
10. Mahapatra D, Sarangi G, Mahapatra A, et al. NS1 antigen capture ELISA an effective method for diagnosis of early dengue infection – report of an outbreak of Angul District, Odisha, India. J Clin Diagn Res. 2014;8(8):DC08-DC10.
11. Ferraz FO, Bomfirm MRQ, Totola AH, et al. Evaluation of laboratory tests for dengue diagnosis in clinical specimens from consecutive patients with suspected dengue in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Journal of Clinical Virology. 2013;58(1):41-46.
12. Pok KY, Lai YL, Sng J, Ng LC. Evaluation of nonstructural 1 antigen assays for the diagnosis and surveillance of dengue in Singapore. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2010;10(10):1009-1016.
13. World Health Organization. Dengue haemorrhagic fever. https://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/dengue/034-47.pdf?ua=1
14. Chan HBY, How CH, Ng CWM. Definitive tests for dengue fever: when and which should I use?. Singapore Med J. 2017;58(11):632-635.
15. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Dengue virus antigen detection. 2019. https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/healthcare-providers/testing/antigen-detection.html
16. Zhang H, Li W, Wang J, et al. NS1-based tests with diagnostic utility for confirming dengue infection: a meta analysis. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2014;26:57-66.
17. Hang VT, Nguyet NM, Trung DT, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of NS1 ELISA and lateral flow rapid tests for dengue sensitivity, specificity and relationship to viraemia and antibody responses. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2009;3(1):e360.
18. Bosch I, Reddy A, de Puig H, et al. Serotype-specific detection of dengue viruses in a nonstructural protein 1-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay validated with a multi-national cohort. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020;14(6):e0008203.
19. Prince HE, Yeh C, Lapé-Nixon M. Utility of IgM/IgG ratio and IgG avidity for distinguishing primary and secondary dengue virus infections using sera collected more than 30 days after disease onset. Clinical and Vaccine Immunology. 2011;18:1951-1956.
20. Kikuti M, Cruz JS, Rodrigues MS, et al. Accuracy of the SD BIOLINE Dengue Duo for rapid point-of-care diagnosis of dengue. PLoS One. 2019 Mar 6;14(3):e0213301.
21. Chong ZL, Sekaran SD, Soe HJ, et al. Diagnostic accuracy and utility of three dengue diagnostic tests for the diagnosis of acute dengue infection in Malaysia. BMC Infect Dis. 2020 Mar 12;20(1):210.

Diskusi Terkait