Efek Omega-3 untuk Mengurangi Risiko Flare Gout Arthritis

Oleh :

dr.Kurnia Agustina Sitompul, M.Gizi, Sp.GK

Efek konsumsi polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3 (PUFA n-3) terhadap penurunan risiko flare gout arthritis kini banyak menarik perhatian. Beberapa studi menunjukkan bahwa PUFA omega-3, baik dalam bentuk makanan alami maupun suplementasi, dapat menurunkan risiko flare gout. Namun, informasi dan bukti klinis terkait manfaat omega-3 ini sebenarnya masih terbatas.[1,2]

Sekilas tentang Patofisiologi Gout

Hiperurisemia kronik dapat menyebabkan gout, yaitu suatu penyakit progresif akibat deposisi kristal monosodium urat (MSU) di persendian, ginjal, dan jaringan ikat. Patogenesis hiperurisemia ini dapat melibatkan peningkatan produksi asam urat atau penurunan ekskresi asam urat.[3]

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Referensi

1. Saito H, Toyoda Y, Takada T, et al. Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Inhibit the Function of Human URAT1, a Renal Urate Re-Absorber. Nutrients. 2020;12(6):1601.
2. Li R, Yu K, Li C. Dietary factors and risk of gout and hyperuricemia: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2018;27(6):1344-1356.
3. Rothschild BM. Gout and Pseudogout. Medscape. 2020.
4. Ragab G, Elshahaly M, Bardin T. Gout: An old disease in new perspective – A review. J Adv Res. 2017;8(5):495–511.
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6. Janssen CA, Oude Voshaar MAH, ten Klooster PM, et al. Prognostic factors associated with early gout flare recurrence in patients initiating urate-lowering therapy during an acute gout flare. Clin Rheumatol. 2019;38(8):2233–9.
7. Simonetto M, Infante M, Sacco RL, et al. A Novel Anti-Inflammatory Role of Omega-3 PUFAs in Prevention and Treatment of Atherosclerosis and Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia. Nutrients. 2019;11(10):2279.
8. Abhishek A, Valdes AM, Doherty M. Low omega-3 fatty acid levels associate with frequent gout attacks: A case control study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2016;75(4):784–5.
9. Iverson C, Bacong A, Liu S, et al. Omega-3-carboxylic acids provide efficacious anti-inflammatory activity in models of crystal-mediated inflammation. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):1217.
10. Tao Huang, Kelei Li, Sailimuhan Asimi, et al. Effect of vitamin B-12 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on plasma homocysteine, ferritin, C-reactive protein, and other cardiovascular risk factors: a randomized controlled trial. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2015;24(3).
11. Shu J, Sun X, Li J, et al. Serum homocysteine levels and their association with clinical characteristics of inflammatory arthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2020;39(11):3295–302.
12. Zhang M, Zhang Y, Terkeltaub R, et al. Effect of Dietary and Supplemental Omega‐3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Risk of Recurrent Gout Flares. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2019;71(9):1580–6.
13. FitzGerald JD, Dalbeth N, Mikuls T, et al. 2020 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the Management of Gout. Arthritis Care Res. 2020;72(6):744–60.

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