Diagnosis Toxic Nodular Goiter

Oleh :

dr.Nailla Fariq Alfiani

Diagnosis toxic nodular goiter (TNG) atau Plummer disease ditegakkan berdasarkan gejala hipertiroidisme progresif dengan riwayat gondok multinodular lama tanpa oftalmopati seperti yang ditemukan pada Grave’s disease. Pemeriksaan fisik menunjukkan adanya tiroid multinodular.

Pemeriksaan penunjang menunjukkan thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) tersupresi dengan peningkatan free thyroxine (FT4) atau free triiodothyronine (FT3), antibodi tiroid negatif, serta pola radioactive iodine uptake fokal atau multifokal meningkat dengan supresi jaringan sekitarnya.[1,7,8,11,29]

Anamnesis

Referensi

1. Khalid N, Can AS. Plummer disease. StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK565856/
7. Ross DS. Diagnosis of Hyperthyroidisme. UpToDate. 2025. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/diagnosis-of-hyperthyroidism?topicRef=7873&source=see_link#H22
8. A.D.A.M. Toxic Nodular Goiter. 2024. https://ssl.adam.com/content.aspx?productid=143&isarticlelink=false&pid=1&gid=000317&site=chifranciscan.adam.com&login=chi_1977
11. Orlander PR. Toxic Nodular Goiter. 2025. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/120497
12. Saran S. Multinodular Goiter. Goiter - Causes and Treatment. IntechOpen; 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90325
15. Blick C, Nguyen M, Jialal I. Thyrotoxicosis. StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482216/
20. Mohamed TZ, Sultan AAEA, Tag El-Din M, et al. Incidence and Risk Factors of Thyroid Malignancy in Patients with Toxic Nodular Goiter. International journal of surgical oncology, 2022, 1054297. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1054297
21. Lau, L.W., Ghaznavi, S., Frolkis, A.D. et al. Malignancy risk of hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules compared with non-toxic nodules: systematic review and a meta-analysis. Thyroid Res 14, 3 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13044-021-00094-1
23. Stanford Medicine. Thyroid Exam. Stanford Medicine. 2026. https://med.stanford.edu/stanfordmedicine25/the25/thyroid.html
24. Pokhrel B, Bhusal K. Graves Disease. StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448195/
25. Yeung SC. Graves’ Disease. Medscape. 2026. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/120619-overview
26. Hanna M, Sun B, Shekarappa R. Toxic Thyroid Adenoma Presenting as Apathetic Hyperthyroidism: A Case Report. Cureus, 2024. 16(5):e61322. DOI 10.7759/cureus.61322. 2024. https://assets.cureus.com/uploads/case_report/pdf/177817/20240628-12257-1rtrk4q.pdf
27. Mulita F, Anjum F. Thyroid Adenoma. StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562252/
28. Fariduddin MM, Singh G. Thyroiditis. StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan-. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK555975/
29. Ministry of Public Health Qatar. National Clinical Guideline: The Diagnosis and Management of Thyrotoxicosis in Adults. 2024.

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