Penatalaksanaan Infeksi Saluran Kemih

Oleh :

Audric Albertus

Penatalaksanaan infeksi saluran kemih (ISK) atau urinary tract infection yang utama adalah pemberian antibiotik. ISK hanya diterapi jika menimbulkan keluhan. Pemilihan terapi juga perlu mempertimbangkan adanya komorbiditas, tingkat keparahan penyakit, dan potensi resistensi obat.[2,4,11,13]

Terapi Antibiotik

Terapi antibiotik per oral yang efektif terhadap bakteri coliform aerobik gram negatif, seperti E coli, adalah pilihan terapi pada pasien dengan infeksi saluran kemih bagian bawah. Pemilihan terapi antibiotik perlu mempertimbangkan adanya resistensi obat, riwayat terapi sebelumnya, dan hasis kultur dan resistensi.[2,4,11,13,17]

Referensi

2. Bono MJ, Reygaert WC. Urinary Tract Infection. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470195/
3. Klein RD, Hultgren SJ. Urinary tract infections: microbial pathogenesis, host-pathogen interactions and new treatment strategies. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2020;18(4):211-226. doi:10.1038/s41579-020-0324-0
4. Chu CM, Lowder JL. Diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections across age groups. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Jul;219(1):40-51. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.12.231. Epub 2018 Jan 2. PMID: 29305250.
7. Medina M, Castillo-Pino E. An introduction to the epidemiology and burden of urinary tract infections. Ther Adv Urol. 2019;11:1756287219832172. Published 2019 May 2. doi:10.1177/1756287219832172
11. Gupta K, Grigoryan L, Trautner B. Urinary Tract Infection. Ann Intern Med. 2017 Oct 3;167(7):ITC49-ITC64. doi: 10.7326/AITC201710030. PMID: 28973215.
13. Kang CI, Kim J, Park DW, et al. Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Antibiotic Treatment of Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections. Infect Chemother. 2018;50(1):67-100. doi:10.3947/ic.2018.50.1.67
14. Brusch JL. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) and Cystitis (Bladder Infection) in Females Treatment & Management. Medscape, 2020. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/233101-treatment#d9
15. Abou Heidar NF, Degheili JA, Yacoubian AA, Khauli RB. Management of urinary tract infection in women: A practical approach for everyday practice. Urol Ann. 2019;11(4):339-346. doi:10.4103/UA.UA_104_19
16. Hooton TM. Gupta K. Acute simple cystitis in women. Uptodate. 2021.
17. Hooton TM. Gupta K. Acute complicated urinary tract infection (including pyelonephritis) in adults.. Uptodate. 2021.
18. Hooton TM. Patient education: Urinary tract infections in adolescents and adults (Beyond the Basics). Uptodate. 2020.
19. Grabe M, Bartoletti R, Johansen TB, et al. Guidelines on Urological Infections. European Association of Urology, 2015. https://uroweb.org/wp-content/uploads/19-Urological-infections_LR2.pdf
20. Strohmeier Y, Hodson EM, Willis NS, Webster AC, Craig JC. Antibiotics for acute pyelonephritis in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Jul 28;(7):CD003772. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003772.pub4. PMID: 25066627.
21. Cruz C, Spina L. Are Oral Antibiotics as Effective as a Combination of Intravenous and Oral Antibiotics for Kidney Infections in Children? Ann Emerg Med. 2016 Jan;67(1):30-1. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.06.026. Epub 2015 Jul 26. PMID: 26211428.

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