Etiologi Glukosuria

Oleh :

dr.Eva Naomi Oretla

Etiologi glukosuria sangat beragam, mulai dari gangguan genetik berupa mutasi pada gen SGLT-2, diabetes mellitus yang merupakan penyakit metabolik, kondisi inflamasi pada nefron dan tubulus, maupun penggunaan obat-obatan seperti empagliflozin.

Secara garis besar, glukosuria dapat terjadi karena 2 penyebab utama yaitu ketidakmampuan ginjal untuk melakukan reabsorpsi glukosa dan adanya konsentrasi glukosa plasma yang tinggi. Pada pasien dengan fungsi ginjal normal, glukosuria yang signifikan biasanya tidak terjadi hingga konsentrasi glukosa plasma melebihi 180 mg/dL (10 mmol/L).[1,5,12,13]

Gangguan Genetik

Referensi

1. Gu X, Chen M, et al. Acquired renal glucosuria in an undifferentiated connective tissue disease patient with a SLC5A2 heterozygous mutation. Medicine. 2018;97:50(e13664) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000013664
2. Lewis CM, Dass B. Glucosuria Is Not Always Due to Diabetes. Fed Pract. 2021;38(2):92-95 Doi:10.12788/fp.0091
3. Liman MNP, Jialal I. Physiology, Glycosuria. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025. PMID: 32491373.
4. Inoue K, Tsurutani Y, et al. Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults Complicated by Persistent Isolated Glucosuria in the Absence of Hyperglycemia. Case Reports in Clinical Medicine. 2017;6:133-136 DOI: 10.4236/crcm.2017.65012
5. Hechanova L A. Renal Glucosuria. MSD Manual. 2024. https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/genitourinary-disorders/renal-transport-abnormalities/renal-glucosuria
6. Erdogan A, Bozkurt A, et al. Can we contribute to the diagnosis of diabetes and regulation of blood glucose by increasing the urologists awareness of glucosuria?. Urologia Journal. 2020;00(0):1-5 DOI: 10.1177/0391560320919593
7. Lee T, Yang W S. Non-diabetic glycosuria as a diagnostic clue for acute tubulointerstitial nephritis in patients with azotemia. Renal Failure. 2020;42(1):1015-1021 DOI: 10.1080/0886022X.2020.1824923
8. Bhimma R. Renal Glucosuria. Medscape. 2024. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/983678-overview
12. Ottosson-Laakso E, Tuomi T, et al. Influence of Familial Renal Glycosuria Due to Mutations in the SLC5A2 Gene on Changes in Glucose Tolerance over Time. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(1):e0146114 DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0146114
13. Neumann K, Tiegs G. Immune regulation in renal inflammation. Cell and Tissue Research. 2021;385:305–322 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-020-03351-1
16. Keefe P, Bokhari SRA. Fanconi Syndrome. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534872/
17. Tuntun M, Aminah S. Hubungan Hasil Dipstik Urin (Leukosit Esterase, Nitrit dan Glukosuria) dengan Kejadian ISK pada Pegawai. Jurnal Kesehatan. 2021;12(3):465-471
18. Lapolla A, Metzger BE. Gestational Diabetes A Decade after the HAPO Study Front Diabetes. Basel Karger. 2020;28:1–10 DOI: 10.1159/000480161
19. Bartolo C, Hall V, et al. Bittersweet: infective complications of drug-induced glycosuria in patients with diabetes mellitus on SGLT2-inhibitors: two case reports. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2021;21(284):1-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-05982-3
20. Lupsa B C, Inzucchi S E. Use of SGLT2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes: weighing the risks and benefits. Diabetologia.2018;61:2118–2125 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-018-4663-6
21. Nishio Y. Drug Induced Tubulo-interstitial Nephritis, New Insight for Diagnosis. Sysmex Journal International. 2021;31(1):1-6
22. Fathi A, et al. SGLT2‑inhibitors; more than just glycosuria and diuresis. Heart Failure Reviews. 2021;26:623–642 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10741-020-10038-w
23. Aberer F, Hochfellner D.A, et al. Practical Guide for the Management of Steroid Induced Hyperglycaemia in the Hospital. J. Clin. Med. 2021;10(2154):1-15 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10102154
24. Feng D, Lin J, et al. Can we reduce the interference of vitamin C and PH in urinalysis?. Food Sci Technol Campinas. 2022;42:e37321 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.37321

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