Etiologi COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019)

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Audric Albertus

Etiologi COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) adalah virus dengan nama spesies severe acute respiratory syndrome virus corona 2, yang disingkat SARS-CoV-2. Transmisi virus antar manusia melalui droplet yang disebarkan baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung dari permukaan benda yang terkontaminasi.[1-3]

Virologi

SARS-CoV-2 merupakan virus yang mengandung genom single-stranded RNA yang positif. Morfologi virus corona mempunyai proyeksi permukaan (spikes) glikoprotein yang menunjukkan gambaran seperti menggunakan mahkota dan berukuran 80-160 nM dengan polaritas positif 27-32 kb. Struktur protein utama SARS-CoV-2 adalah protein nukleokapsid (N), protein matriks (M), glikoprotein spike (S), protein envelope (E) selubung, dan protein aksesoris lainnya.[1-3]

Referensi

1. Cascella M, Rajnik M, et al. Features, Evaluation, and Treatment of Coronavirus (COVID-19). Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554776/
2. Sahin AR. 2019 Novel Virus corona (COVID-19) Outbreak: A Review of the Current Literature. Eurasian J Med Investig. 2020;4(1):1–7.
3. Guo Y-R, Cao Q-D, et al. The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on virus corona disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak - an update on the status. Mil Med Res. 2020;7(1):11.
9. Forchette L, Sebastian W, Liu T. A Comprehensive Review of COVID-19 Virology, Vaccines, Variants, and Therapeutics. Current Medical Science. 2021;41(6):1037-1051. doi:10.1007/s11596-021-2395-1
10. van Doremalen N, Bushmaker T, et al. Aerosol and Surface Stability of SARS-CoV-2 as Compared with SARS-CoV-1. N Engl J Med. 2020.
11. Rothan HA, Byrareddy SN. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of virus corona disease (COVID-19) outbreak. J Autoimmun. 2020;(February):102433.
12. World Health Organization. Tracking SARS-CoV-2. WHO. 2021. https://www.who.int/en/activities/tracking-SARS-CoV-2-variants/
13. Rasmussen SA, Smulian JC, et al. Virus corona Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Pregnancy: What obstetricians need to know. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020;2019.
14. Fan C, Lei D, Fang C, et al. Perinatal Transmission of COVID-19 Associated SARS-CoV-2: Should We Worry? Clin Infect Dis. 2020.
15. Wu C, Chen X, et al. Risk Factors Associated With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients With Virus corona Disease 2019 Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA Intern Med. 2020;1–10. Fang L, Karakiulakis G, Roth M. Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection? Lancet Respir. 2020;2600(20):30116.
16. Fang L, Karakiulakis G, Roth M. Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection? Lancet Respir. 2020;2600(20):30116.
17. Zhou F, Yu T, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan , China : a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2020;6736(20):1–9.

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